Infinite impulse response filter 2nd order lowpass
Matched Z approximation.
Infinite impulse response filter 2nd order lowpass
Matched Z approximation.
Cuthbert Nyack
The sampled "equivalent" of a second order Butterworth filter derived by
use of the Matched Z approximation is shown in the applets below.
In these applets only the poles of the Butterworth are matched.
The Butterworth filter has an upper 3dB frequency of 1rad/s. The
first applet shows the filter response on a log-log scale. The vertical
scale for amplitude is in dB and is shown in the scrollbar label as dB/Vdiv. Horizontal
scale is in rad/s and goes to a maximum of 2xsampling frequency. Only
the range up tp ½ of the sampling frequency is important but the
rest is included to show the periodicity of the response. Because of the
log scale, the higher periods are greatly "compressed". If the /Hdiv is
"a" then the horizontal scale goes from a-1 to a3
rad/s. For phase the vertical scale is from -pi to pi/3.
In both applets red shows the sampled filter
response, orange shows the analog filter
response, green shows the sampled filter phase
and cyan shows the analog filter phase.
magenta shows the ideal filter response.
The applet below shows the response on a linear scale which gives a
better view of what happens at low sampling frequencies.
In applet below vertical scale is from 0 to 4/3 and horizontal scale is
from 0 to 4rad/s.
Return to main page
Return to page index
COPYRIGHT © 1999 Cuthbert A. Nyack.